Chapter 10 Review Sheet Photosynthesis Free Essays

Biol 1406, Instructor: Alice Zhou Updated 4/18/12 Chapter 10: Photosynthesis 1. Depict the vitality change that happens in photosynthesis. Sun oriented vitality to concoction vitality explicitly put away in sugar. We will compose a custom article test on Part 10 Review Sheet Photosynthesis or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now SolarChemical vitality (sugar) 2. Compose the outline condition of photosynthesis. Sunlight based + 6CO2 +6H2O C6H12O6+6O2 (simple)Complex 3. Photosynthesis produces natural sugar atoms. Where does the carbon originate from in making the sugars? From carbon dioxide 4. High-impact cell breath is catabolic, exergonic and oxygen requiring. Shouldn't something be said about photosynthesis? Anabolic, endergonic, O2-discharging 5. What is the distinction among autotrophs and heterotrophs? Autotrophs make their own food by photosynthesis heterotrophs don’t. 6. Name some photoautotrophs. Plants Algae Photosynthetic Bacteria 7. Draw and name these pieces of chloroplasts: thylakoid, granum, stroma, external and internal layer. 8. What kind of cells in a plant will contain chloroplast? What sort of cells contain mitochondria and why? Each and every plant cell will have mitochondria, some plant cells just the green ones will contain chloroplasts. 9. The Nature of Light and Pigments . What frequency extend is the wellspring of light for photosynthesis? Gamma X-RaysU. VVisible (VIBGYOR: ROYGBIV backwards)Infrared Radio Small wavelength350nm750nmWavelength b. What are photons? * Massless * Carry fixed measure of vitality (bundle of vitality) * Travels at speed of light c. What are shade atoms? Specifically engrossing obvious light (concoction) - 350-450nm d. Name three kin ds of photosynthetic colors found in green plants. Note which one is the fundamental one, which ones are frill shades. * Chlorophyll A (MAIN) * Chlorophyll B (minor %) * Carotenoid (minor %) e. What makes chloroplasts or leaves green and why? Green is being reflected in light of the fact that it isn't ingested. f. In what capacity can you effectively isolate them out tentatively? Paper Chromatography g. Plot an assimilation range of chlorophyll a. Make certain to utilize right boundaries on x and y pivot. 10. Association of shades in photosystems. a) What is the idea of a photosystem? b) Photosystems are sorted out into two subcomponents: * reception apparatus complex: Lots of shades (A, B, and carotenoids) Pigments alongside certain proteins that arrange a few colors around 200 discovered, platform proteins response focus complex A couple of chlorophyll An are discovered proteins are composed and shape responses. PEA are bound here. * (T/F? ) In either mind boggling, film proteins are available to stay and bolster the elements of color and other natural particles. 11. Light associates with colors h. When photons strike the color atoms in the chloroplast, what quickly occur s? _ Photoexcitation_____. From that point forward, what can befall the electrons in the photosystem? Portray two results in charts. Electrons fall back to ground state Electrons moved to PEA Electrons fall back to ground state Electrons moved to PEA I. In result 1, electrons fall back to ground state. Inductive reverberation: vitality of the energized electron, however not simply the electron, is moved to a neighboring color particle, energizing the second shade atom. Almost no vitality is lost in this ENERGY move. j. In result 2, electrons are moved to PEA (Primary Electron Acceptor): _________ response has happened. The shade atom that has lost the electrons is___________, though the PEA is decreased in light of the fact that it increases an electron. This really happens to two chlorophyll a colors (RCCA) situated at response focus in a photosystem. k. Draw an outline of photosystem to delineates the two results as photons cooperate with colors: 12. Light responses l. Portray the occasions that have prompted the redox response at the response place. 1) Photon strike Antenna Pigments 2) Photoexcitation of shade electrons 3) Inductive reverberation 4) Photoexcitation of another color in the long run 5) Energy gave to RCCA (response focus chlorophyll A) 6) Photoexcitation of RCCA 7) m. Electrons from PEA stream â€Å"downhill† in vitality level through a progression of electron bearers implanted in thylakoid layer. Vitality lost by the electrons is utilized to incorporate ____________ particles through ______________________ process, comparative in systems to oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria. n. At last electrons are passed from the electron bearers to ___________ and diminish it to NADPH by the catalyst NADP+ reductase. o. Draw a chart of the above occasions. Note the heading of siphoning, dispersion and the site of ATP amalgamation. p. Follow the electron stream in light responses beginning from the wellspring of electrons. (non-cyclic electron stream) q. What supplies the wellspring of the entirety of the electrons in this electron stream to ensure that RCCA won't come up short on electrons? What is the result of this gift of electrons to RCCA? r. Light responses produce ATP and NADPH. For what reason is the blend of these two mixes vital? s. Summarize it: What go into the light response and what come out of the light response? Rundown all segments. 13. Presently let’s move onto the following stage: Calvin cycle t. What does it achieve? . Where does Calvin cycle happen? v. What is the key compound? What is unique about this chemical? w. The quick result of Calvin cycle is G3P _________________________. What different items can be made out of G3P? 14. Incorporating Light Reaction with Calvin Cycle. (comprehend the relationship) x. What is the general progression of electrons in photosynthesis? y. As you turn off the light in your room, the plant in your room stops light responses quickly, shouldn't something be said about Calvin cycle responses? z. On the off chance that an inhibitor hinders Calvin cycle, would the light response continue onward? The most effective method to refer to Chapter 10 Review Sheet Photosynthesis, Essay models

American transcendentalism Essay Example For Students

American introspective philosophy Essay American TranscendentalismI went to the forested areas since I wished to live intentionally, to from just basic unavoidable issues facing everyone, and check whether I was unable to realize what it needed to instruct, and not, when I came to pass on, find that I had not lived (Thoreau). American Transcendentalism was an artistic and philosophical development that rose in New England around 1836 and prospered for a long time until 1846. This way of thinking impacted American religion, theory, legislative issues, writing, and workmanship. The American Transcendentalist dismissed this induction, attesting that shrewdness is intrinsic in the spirit of every individual. The underlying foundations of the Transcendentalists humanistic way of thinking is what magnifies the person as a reflection and fundamental piece of Gods divine universe. As indicated by pundits, American Transcendentalism was driven by the conditions of nineteenth-century American life. American Transcendentalism is esta blished in the American past. It owes its inescapable ethical quality and the teaching of celestial light to such parts of Puritanism and its idea of nature as a living riddle and not a perfect timing universe which is fixed and changeless to the Romanticism age (Reuben 2). The American scene enlivened the Transcendentalists veneration for nature, which gave them a significant part of the continuing language and analogy of their way of thinking. Among the main defenders of American Transcendentalism, Ralph Waldo Emerson is generally viewed as its focal figure and catalyzing power. Pundits regularly refer to his exposition Nature and An Address Delivered Before the Senior Class in Divinity College as touchstones of the development. His ensuing articles, diaries, and sonnets are attributed with giving further shape to its beliefs. Emerson was likewise a significant motivation to such creators as Walt Whitman, who, alongside Nathaniel Hawthorne, Herman Melville, Emily Dickinson, and Edgar Allan Poe, were emphatically affected by Transcendentalism (Mullen and Wilson 1). Maybe the most popular and generally persuasive of Emersons quick teaches is Henry David Thoreau, noted for his book Walden; or Life in the Woods, which has been viewed as a nature study, otherworldly life account, and philosophical unique, for his Civil Disobedience, a fundamental exposition sketching out quiet social dissent. Among American Transcendentalisms o ther key figures was Margaret Fuller, proofreader of the main Transcendentalist periodical, The Dial, and writer of Woman in the Nineteenth Century, thought about an essential archive of American women's liberation. The flows of the Universal Being through me; I am a piece of molecule of God. Ralph Waldo Emerson trusted so as to grasp the heavenly, God, and the universe, one must rise above or go past the physical and enthusiastic depictions of typical human idea. With that way of thinking, Emerson turned into the pioneer of rationalists and essayists named Transcendentalist. His exposition Nature, is viewed as the good news of American Transcendentalism. The significant proposition of this paper, in Emersons words, is that we should now appreciate a unique migration to the universe and not become subject to past encounters of others (Reuben 2). Emerson isolated the universe into two essential classes, nature and soul, and continually looked to clarify the interrelations of both. Keeps an eye on key to these relations, what Emerson called analogies, was singular instinct, which can't come up short since it is essentially and initially connected to the all inclusive soul. Emersons Transcendentali sm hence proposed a goals of the duality that characterizes the human condition through the forces of human instinct. This double perspective represents no issue or logical inconsistency for Transcendentalism, which sees an integrally concordance of the individual and the universe (Bousman 1). In the event that a man doesn't stay up with his buddies, maybe it is on the grounds that he hears an alternate drummer. Let him venture to the music which he hears, anyway estimated or distant (Derleth 14). Henry David Thoreau was one of Emersons most noted devotees. Thoreau is eminent for his book, Walden, which is a record of Thoreaus multi year trial of living at Walden Pond. Thoreaus primary accentuation is on the improvements and delight in life now. Thoreaus other noted work incorporates the article Resistance to Civil government otherwise called Civil Disobedience. Thoreau was sent to prison for not making good on charges, and this renowned and compelling paper is the aftereffect of that signal. Its message is straightforward and challenging, he advocates activities through standards. In the event that the requests of a legislature of a general public are in opposition to a people still, small voice, it is his/her obligation to dismiss them. Maintaining moral law rather than social law partitions the individual, isolating the merciless in him from the celestial (Reuben 2). Roused by Thoreaus message, Mahatma Gandhi sorted out a monstrous obstruction of Indians against British control of India. Thoreaus words have additionally motivated the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr., harmony marchers. The notoriety of Thoreau was best noted by Emerson, who expressed, He was reared to no calling; he never went to chapel; her never casted a ballot; he would not pay expense to the State; he ate no substance; he drank no wine; he never knew the utilization of tobacco; and, however a naturalist, he utilized neither snare nor weapon (Reuben 5). .u1664bed5351c0789abcc18d9d0b5541e , .u1664bed5351c0789abcc18d9d0b5541e .postImageUrl , .u1664bed5351c0789abcc18d9d0b5541e .focused content territory { min-stature: 80px; position: relative; } .u1664bed5351c0789abcc18d9d0b5541e , .u1664bed5351c0789abcc18d9d0b5541e:hover , .u1664bed5351c0789abcc18d9d0b5541e:visited , .u1664bed5351c0789abcc18d9d0b5541e:active { border:0!important; } .u1664bed5351c0789abcc18d9d0b5541e .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u1664bed5351c0789abcc18d9d0b5541e { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; obscurity: 1; progress: haziness 250ms; webkit-change: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u1664bed5351c0789abcc18d9d0b5541e:active , .u1664bed5351c0789abcc18d9d0b5541e:hover { murkiness: 1; change: darkness 250ms; webkit-change: murkiness 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u1664bed5351c0789abcc18d9d0b5541e .focused content zone { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u1664bed5351c0789abcc18d9d0b5541e .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content design: underline; } .u1664bed5351c0789abcc18d9d0b5541e .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; text style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u1664bed5351c0789abcc18d9d0b5541e .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; outskirt range: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: striking; line-tallness: 26px; moz-fringe sweep: 3px; content adjust: focus; content enrichment: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: supreme; right: 0; top: 0; } .u1664bed5351c0789abcc18d9d0b5541e:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u1664bed5351 c0789abcc18d9d0b5541e .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u1664bed5351c0789abcc18d9d0b5541e-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u1664bed5351c0789abcc18d9d0b5541e:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: Team Conflict Resolution EssayWhat lady needs isn't a lady to act or rule, however as a nature to develop, as an acumen to recognize, as a spirit to live openly, and unobstructed to unfurl such powers as were given her when we left our basic home. Margaret Fuller was a significant female creator during the Transcendentalism time frame. Her significant works remembered Summer for the Lakes and Women in the Nineteenth-Century. Fuller functioned as a teacher, as a proofreader, held discussions, was dynamic in change, and went to Europe as a remote reporter, were she met her better half and on the excursion back would suffocate. A s an essayist, she is appreciated as an artistic pundit a for her feelings to the predicament for the Indians (Reuben 1). She has composed on such subjects as introspective philosophy, womens rights, basic hypothesis, sexual orientation jobs, and political change in Europe. The Transcendentalist were various youthful Americans, the majority of them naturally introduced to the Unitarianism of New England in the mid nineteenth century, who during the 1830s got amped up for the new writing of England, and who immediately rebelled against the logic of their dads (Miller 1). Despite the fact that they were dynamic for a generally short period, they were focused in a limited topographical territory enveloping the New England zone, and were censured in their time as fanatics and radicals. Their impact was uncommonly wide. In American religion, the development introduced a time of remarkable discussion and change. Insightfully, it solidified the key thoughts of American vote based system and religion. The development is likewise noted for its critical commitment to social change. The American Transcendentalist are viewed as visionaries in their mentalities toward such issues as social dissent, uniformity of the genders, innovative and participatory instruction for kids, and work change. The Transcendentalism development is recognized as having injected American writing with its own particular character. The creators of what has been known as the Renaissance time frame, including Melville, Whitman, Hawthorne, and Dickinson, were monstrously impacted by American Transcendentalism in style, topic, and thought. They were not simply the makers they accepted, however they were oblivious prophets of a genuine condition of society; one which the propensities of nature lead unto, one which consistently builds up itself

How to Overcome Perfectionism

How to Overcome Perfectionism Stress Management Management Techniques Print How to Overcome Perfectionism By Elizabeth Scott, MS twitter Elizabeth Scott, MS, is a wellness coach specializing in stress management and quality of life, and the author of 8 Keys to Stress Management. Learn about our editorial policy Elizabeth Scott, MS Updated on June 28, 2019 BJI / Getty Images More in Stress Management Management Techniques Physical Techniques Relaxation Time Management Effects on Health Situational Stress Job Stress Household Stress Relationship Stress Are you a perfectionist?? Many people have traits of perfectionists and are even proud of them, but there are important differences between perfectionists and high achievers and being a high achiever is far better for your health and happiness. If you have perfectionistic tendencies, its vital to find strategies to get past them and move toward being a non-perfectionistic high achiever.  Perfectionism can rob you of your peace of mind, enjoyment of life, and self-esteem. Though it’s a process that may take a little time and practice, shedding the burden of perfectionism can greatly decrease the level of stress you feel on a daily basis. Important Distinctions Between Perfectionists and High Achievers Before you delve further into strategies for letting go of perfectionism, it is important to remember the basics of what perfectionism is and is not; this can help you to stay motivated to make changes.  Perfectionism differs from high achievement in one important way: where your focus lies.  If you are striving for excellence, you can be happy about your achievements and learn from your mistakes. 10 Telltale Signs You May Be a Perfectionist Perfectionism is different in that the focus is less forgiving; perfectionists beat themselves up for anything that appears to be lacking, and this robs them of the satisfaction and pride that comes from all of the things that they do well. One of the most significant problems that perfectionists face is the fear that if they stop shooting for perfection, they will become low achievers and their goals will go by the wayside.  Let this reassure you:  Letting go of perfectionist attitudes can actually help you to excel more!   Perfectionists actually achieve less than those with healthier attitudes, because their focus on perfection robs them of motivation and can bring on procrastination and other self-defeating behaviors. With that said, here are some important steps you can take to maintain a healthier attitude. Make a Cost-Benefit Analysis Take a closer look at your perfectionistic traits. You may think you’re more effective because of them (although according to research, this probably isn’t true), but at what cost? Perfectionism has many negative consequences, and you may be experiencing several of them right now. Make a list of all the ways perfectionism is hurting you (and those around you), and you’ll be more motivated to shed these tendencies. Become Aware of Your Tendencies You may not realize how pervasive perfectionism can be. By becoming more aware of your patterns, you’re in a better position to alter them. If you’re able, it’s a great idea to record your perfectionistic thoughts as they pop into your head. If it’s impractical for you to jot thoughts down as they come, it’s a great idea to go over your day each night and remember the times when you felt you’d failed, or hadn’t done well enough, and write down what you thought at the time. This will help you become more aware of perfectionistic thoughts as they come to you in the future. (You can even journal about your feelings about these thoughts, but don’t feel you’ve ‘failed’ if you don’t have time to do this!) Focus on the Positive If you’re struggling with perfectionism, you probably have honed the skill of spotting mistakes in even the best works of others and of yourself. You may just naturally look for it, and notice it above all other things. While this habit may be difficult to just stop, you can soften your tendency to notice the bad by making a conscious effort to notice all that is good with your work and the achievements of others. If you notice something you don’t like about yourself or your work, for example, look for five other qualities that you do like. This will balance out your critical focus and become a positive new habit. Alter Your Self-Talk Those who wrestle with perfectionism tend to have a critical voice in their head telling them their work isn’t good enough, they’re not trying hard enough, and they’re not good enough. If you’re going to overcome perfectionism, you need to work on changing this little voice! Negative self-talk can perpetuate unhealthy behaviors and wreak havoc on your self-esteem; by altering your self-talk, you can go a long way toward enjoying life more and gaining an increased appreciation for yourself and your work. How to Use Positive Self Talk for a Better Life Take Baby Steps Perfectionists tend to set  goals  of unreasonable excellence with no learning curve. These goals tend to be unrealistic and cause problems by being so rigidly demanding and leaving little room for error. Instead, you can reduce a lot of stress by changing your goals. You don’t have to sacrifice the end result, but if you set bite-sized goals for yourself and reward yourself when you achieve them, you’ll tend to be more forgiving with mistakes. For example, you may normally tackle the task of getting into better shape by working out five times a week. Unfortunately, if you’re not used to working out regularly, you may get quite sore from such a quick change, and perhaps give up. But  setting the goal  to exercise once or twice the first week, and add an additional workout periodically until you’ve worked up to your goal, you will more likely reach your goal and enjoy many more ‘successes’ in the process. Enjoy the Process You may be used to focusing on results, and beating yourself up if your results are less than perfect. The previous suggestion (setting baby steps) can help you create more of an enjoyable process out of your striving. You can also enjoy the process of reaching a goal by getting involved with a group that is also trying to achieve the same goal you’re after  or  journaling  about how you  feel  and what you  learn  as you reach toward your goal. If you find you don’t achieve perfection, you can then reflect back and see all that you’ve gained in just working toward a worthy goal, assessing and appreciating the gains you  did  make in the process. One important way to recover from perfectionism is to begin focusing more on the  process  of reaching toward a goal, rather than just focusing on the goal itself. Learn to Handle Criticism If you tend to look at criticism as an attack, reacting defensively, an attitude change can help. Constructive criticism can give you important clues on how to improve your performance, making your less-than-perfect performances into useful stepping stones that lead to excellence. If the criticism you’re receiving is pointed or harsh, it’s okay to remind others (and yourself) that mistakes are a great way to learn. Find Out How Your Personality Affects Your Stress Levels

Similarities And Differences Between Bianco And Mao Zedong

Until the mid-twentieth century, China’s government stood in its own way of economically advancing and modernizing. China’s path to communism is somewhat of a surprise and debated topic due to historians access to available resources to find and analyze the complete story for why the country went socialist. Two of the biggest leading historians of Chinese politics at the time included Lucien Bianco and Mao Zedong. Mao Zedong lived from 1893 to 1976 in which a part of his life was spent under the rule of a Feudalist system before reforming the country into a red state. Lucien Bianco was born in 1930 and most of his life still consists of living under a communist government. Both authors offer distinctive different answers for what†¦show more content†¦For many families in China at the time, farming was one of the few careers in life that residents believed was a relatively stable job that consistently supported families long after original owners of the land pas sing. This was true until the warlords of middle China decided upon themselves to increase taxes in order to combat Japan’s invasion of the country. Many residents who stood in warlords’ regions of China were not fond of higher taxes and certainly did not like the fact that Japan was the reason they were increased. In the 1930s, Chinese farmers could not afford to pay their newly raised taxes. A number of Chinese residents saw the war as an issue they did not want anything a part of. The outrage was loud and clear, Chinese citizens wanted Japan out of the country and an end to higher taxes. Bianco believed that the only way for these two problems to be resolved must come in the form of new leadership and governance. For Bianco, Zedong was bound to be their leader and guide the people of China into a new system of governing. Zedong represented a change to the current economic climate most of the countrymen wanted. Mao embodied the needed leadership for the proletariat p oor working class through voicing their concerns and uniting the people under a central form of government. Some of the largest concerns people in rural areas like villages faced were financial issues and invasion of the JapaneseShow MoreRelatedManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 PagesManagement, Fourth Edition I. Management 17 17 2. The Evolution of Management Thought Hughes−Ginnett−Curphy †¢ Leadership, Fifth Edition I. Leadership is a Process, Not a Position 51 51 70 1. Leadership is Everyone’s Business 2. Interaction between the Leader, the Followers the Situation Cohen †¢ Effective Behavior in Organizations, Seventh Edition 11. Leadership: Exerting Influence and Power 94 94 Text Palmer−Dunford−Akin †¢ Managing Organizational Change 2. Images of Managing Change

Odyssey Archetype Essay - 996 Words

Odyssey Archetype Essay The Odyssey, a ten long epic journey consisting of love, war, and despair; the odyssey dives into human tragedy that no man would ever want to experience. This is a reason why the odyssey is so significant to today s literature. The Odyssey occurred ancient Greece times. The odysseys genre is an adventure but has aspects of all other genres. In this essay I will be explaining the archetypes in the odyssey that are most relevant in the Odyssey. I will be going into full detail on these three archetypes the hero, villain/monster, and the damsel in distress. I chose these three archetypes because I recognized them the most while we were reading the Odyssey. The first archetype i ll be explaining is the hero†¦show more content†¦Does he blame others others or make excuses for shortcoming? No.† This is what makes the difference between a hero and a villain. Its how you react to a situation that differs you from a hero or a villain. The next archet ype i ll be talking about is the villain/monster archetype. These two archetypes are basically the same that s why I grouped them together. There many examples of the monster archetype in the odyssey such as scylla and charybdis, the Cyclopes, and the sirens. Come this way, honored Odysseus great glory of the achaeans, and stay your ship so that you can listen here to our singing; for no one see has ever sailed past this place in his black ship until he has listened to the honey sweet voice that issues from our lips; then goes on well-pleased, knowing more than he ever did; for we know everything that the argives and the Trojans did and suffered in wide Troy through the gods despite. Over all the generous earth we know everything that happens.† (12.184-196) . That was the Siren s song as they tried to lure Odysseus where they would then kill him. The Greek people associated monsters and villains with women for example Scylla, Sirens, and Circe the witch. â€Å"The faces of ancient times are such distant shadows of our own experiences , so alien in culture and superstition, what themes of dread and fright could expect to share in common with the inhabitants of a world so far moved from our modern frame of mind? The answer, actually, is quite a lot.†Show MoreRelatedOdyssey Archetype Essay1026 Words   |  5 PagesThe topic of this essay is about The Odyssey. As Odysseus continues his journey home he has no idea what s heading his way. He loses, gains, and learns new skills and things that have changed him tremendously. He was not the same man he was twenty years ago. He shows archetypes of a hero to his disappearing crew. Then he shows it to his family member. How much can change in twenty years? Apparently a lot can transform a man who has had crazy experiences. This story was about three-thousand yearsRead MoreThe Odyssey Archetype998 Words   |  4 PagesOdyssey Archetype Essay The Odyssey, a ten year long epic journey consisting of love, war, and despair; the odyssey dives into human tragedy that no man would ever want to experience. This is a reason why the odyssey is so significant in today s literature. The Odyssey occurred ancient Greece times. The odysseys genre is an adventure but has aspects of all other genres. This essay be explaining the archetypes in the odyssey that are most relevant in the Odyssey. This essay will be going intoRead MoreExamples Of Archetypes In The Odyssey1002 Words   |  5 Pagesprolific, intriguing adventure stories ever written. His exceptional use of archetypes adds anticipation and excitement throughout the entire poem. This story has a mix of adventure, suspense, love, and loss. All of these features are archetypes that are shown in Homer’s epic poem. Greek culture is a big part of the archetypes in this poem as well. The three archetypes that I chose are some of the most frequently seen archetypes in adventu rous stories or poems. This epic poem was written approximatelyRead MoreEssay on Role of Penelope in Homers Odyssey788 Words   |  4 PagesThe Role of Penelope in Homers Odyssey The character of Penelope in Homers Odyssey has served as an archetype of femininity proper. Her physical attributes, while comely by even the most demanding standards, are veiled. Her intellectual attributes are veiled too. She seems more often than not to wear a veil of tears (for her man) or a veil of silence (for her own wishes), or ineptitude (in her dealings with her son). She is certainly no Helen. She is not flaunting or whore-ish. She is notRead MoreEssay on Voyage and Psychological Development in Homers Odyssey3283 Words   |  14 PagesThe Voyage and Psychological Development in Homers Odyssey      Ã‚  Ã‚   Homers Odyssey arguably stands out head and shoulders above any other piece of epic literature produced by Western civilization for nearly three millennia. Most remarkable is the extent to which the Western hero archetype is to this day still a result of the molding that occurred upon the character of Odysseus so long ago. In imagining a police lineup of the most profoundly influencing protagonists of Western epic poetry, surelyRead More The Cultural Conflict of Hugh Selwyn Mauberley Essay1180 Words   |  5 Pagesculture, the ways of presenting his position will be firstly explained. Next, the focus is on the contrast between the elitist and popular culture. Finally, to highlight Pounds attitude, I prefer to make comparison with other literary masterpieces, Odyssey, which have similar poetic style, or theme, but share different sense.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In Hugh Selwyn Mauberley, the poem itself is a mosaic, which is a composition of many images, and these images are derived from words. Generally, in anyRead MoreJames Joyce Annotated Bibliography Essay3544 Words   |  15 Pagesstrategies anticipate the linguistic, stylistic, temporal and structural achievements (Walsh). Ulysses takes its title from parallels Joyce established between the adventures of his main character, Leopard Bloom, and those of Ulysses, the hero of the Odyssey(Bly12d). Bloom survives the pain and sorrow of his life by a remarkable capacity to absorb suffering. Ulysses has had an enormous impact on modern world literature (Tedeschi 17). Almost all of Joyces works have a impact on the modernist movementRead MoreEssay on Stanley Kubricks The Shining2471 Words   |  10 Pagesconventional slasher film. After all, Kubrick said it would be the scariest horror movie of all time.1 Kubricks films, however, never fully confo rm to their respective genres; they transcend generic expectations. In the same way that 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968) is not just another outer-space sci-fi flick, The Shining is not a typical horror movie. The monsters in The Shining originate not from dark wooded areas, but from the recesses of the mysterious human mind-in broad daylight, at that. PerhapsRead More C.S. Lewis on Misunderstanding Fantasy Essay4960 Words   |  20 Pageswell-received series with the Chronicles of Narnia, seven Fantasy novels written for children bearing large motifs of Christian mythology. And along the way, he managed to defend Fantasy, science fiction, and myth from its critics in a series of explicative essays dealing with literary theory. Similarly, Lewis’ colleague at Oxford, J.R.R. Tolkien also defended Fantasy, or as he called it, â€Å"fairy-stories.† Tolkien was known for his fantastic works that included The Hobbit, The Lord of the RingsRead MoreEssay on Jungian Psychology and Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness6193 Words   |  25 Pagescollective unconscious in the entangling metaphoric realities of the serpentine Congo. Conrad’s novella descends into the unknowable darkness at the heart of Africa, taking its narrator, Marlow, on an underworld journey of individuation, a modern odyssey toward the center of the Self and the center of the Earth. Ego dissolves into soul as, in the interior, Marlow encounters his double in the powerful image of ivory-obsessed Kurtz, the dark shadow of European imperialism. The dark meditation is graced

The Human Impacts of Tectonic Landforms and Hazards Free Essays

Even today there are people who do not understand why or where tectonic activity takes place. Tectonic activity does not only take place at plate boundaries – intra-plate earthquakes, e.g. We will write a custom essay sample on The Human Impacts of Tectonic Landforms and Hazards or any similar topic only for you Order Now Bam, Iran. This leads people to think it won’t happen to them. The developing world has fewer resources or expertise to study the natural environment (or human environment) – methods to identify areas at risk may not exist (e.g. poorer levels of education), especially if the area is not very active. Read this Ch. 22 Respiratory System Pompeii – a classic case of ignorance to disaster. The lack of an eruption in ‘living memory’ led many to believe that Vesuvius was dormant. In 79AD there was no expectation of an eruption – people were caught completely unaware. At the time, the science was not understood – many believed the eruption, and preceding earth tremors were the gods’ anger. Choice: Some people know the risks, but lack financial resources, or have close links to family in the area, and are therefore unable/unwilling to move. Other choose to stay, as the benefits outweigh the costs, e.g. Southern California – well paid jobs and a pleasant climate outweigh concerns over earthquake risk. The benefits of tectonically active areas: Minerals and natural resources – volcanoes bring valuable resources to the surface of the earth, e.g. Diamonds, copper, gold. Seafloor volcanoes contribute to the accumulation of metals, e.g. zinc, lead – mining industries. Fertile soils – volcanic material breaks down through weathering to provide nutrients (minerals) for plant growth. Geothermal energy. Tourism and associated employment, e.g. hotels, transport, tour guides. Heat and pressure turn organic matter into deposits of oil and gas. Impacts on people and possessions: The severity of the impacts depends on physical factors (e.g. event profiles, geology, terrain) and human factors (e.g. population density). Physical impacts on people: Damage/destruction of property and infrastructure. Volcanoes – luckily  ¾ of erupted lava is from underwater volcanoes, much of it along ocean ridges, so the impact is minor. The greatest risk is at destructive plate margins. Most active volcanoes are found in the developing world, e.g. Latin america, the Caribbean, parts of Asia and the south-west Pacific. Increased urbanisation and population growth concentrates people and infrastructure. Earthquakes – the worst earthquakes are not necessarily those with the largest magnitude. The worst impacts are felt in densely populated areas and areas with high vulnerability. Economic impacts on people: These can be direct or indirect. Often greater in developed countries than developing countries. Direct impacts include capital goods and equipment destroyed. They can occur immediately, or later as a result of follow-on damage or deterioration. Indirect impacts occur as a result of interruption to commercial systems, lost wages, and lost opportunities to do business. Macroeconomic impacts are felt across the whole economy of the community, region, or in the worst case the whole nation. The Northridge earthquake (California, 1994) – 60 deaths but US$30 billion in economic impact, as it hit dense infrastructure in the San Fernando Valley. Social impacts on people: Human life is irreplaceable. Volcanoes – most impact on human life is due to pyroclastic flows or lahars (e.g. Nevado del Ruiz). Earthquakes – tsunamis are particularly terrifying. The 1883 Krakatau eruption triggered tsunamis that killed 36 000 and destroyed 165 coastal villages. The impact on human life is usually greater from earthquakes than from volcanic eruptions. Primary casualties – those killed/injured directly by the event. Usually greater in developing countries than developed. Secondary casualties – those that survive the event itself but die/are injured due to insufficient resources or lack of medical care. Again, usually greater in developing countries than developed. Tertiary casualties – those with pre-existing medical conditions that are aggravated by the event. Includes those who become ill/die. For example, through disease contracted in the post-disaster environment. In developing countries, these are often the largest group of casualties. Poverty reduces the capacity to reduce the impacts, or to recover. Environmental degradation reduces natural impact buffers, e.g. mangrove removal (Indian Ocean, 2004), and therefore contributes to delaying recovery time. Note: to more accurately compare the impacts in developed and developing countries, it is better to use damage cost as a % of GDP, as developed countries have more infrastructure, etc., to be damaged. The absolute costs may be lower in a developing country, but the relative costs (as a % of GDP) are likely to be much higher. How to cite The Human Impacts of Tectonic Landforms and Hazards, Papers

Strategic Information Security-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Select one Organisation of your Choice. Investigate and report on the Current State of this Organisation. Answer: Introduction: E serve global is a revolutionary digital financial transaction company operating in Australia. It enables the telecommunication and financial service providers for creating smooth transactions intended for their customers. A wide range of transactions services are offered by the organization such as commerce, digital wallets, business analytics, rapid service connection, recharge and remittance. Solution and types of services are provided to the client that are example of expertise and innovation (eservglobal.com 2017). Solutions provided are rapidly deployed and developed that will help the customers to adapt to the changing market conditions. In all the areas of business, E serve global has been acting with integrity and they are committed to be a sustainable and respectable global company providing solutions to the world that are technologically advanced. In order to foster a development of positive relationships with the client, organization endeavors to have openness and transp arency at all level of interactions. Organization has the belief of getting involves in the sustainable development and minimizing the impact of operations on the environment. E serve global is committed to meet all the requirements of statutory, regulatory and customary regulatory environment in all the areas of operations and the market that they are serving. Irrespective of the operations of business that is from vendors, agents, consultants and business partners, organization does not tolerate any sort of corruption or act of bribery. Discovery of any sort of corruption-involved activities in organization would be decisively terminated (Ab Rahman et al. 2015). Discussion: Management of information security- Information security is something that needs to be taken care of by the proper application of technology and money. Improvement of information security is considered as critical part of success. Critical factor for the appropriate implementation of information security is people working in organization. The ethical commitment of E serve global is based on the values such as positive relationships, loyal and transparency, confidentiality, respect of environment, respect for health, security, and prevention of conflict of interests. Concerning all the areas of business, managers of business should manage the business activities along with the information security. E serve global is making rapid progress resulting from open-minded production development and production expansion along with efficient utilization of innovations. Prevailing atmosphere encourages cooperation. In order for organization to bear on information security area for facilitating the development of innovative solutions, positive innovations should also be brought. One of the best things regarded in the practices of information security is the adoption of international standards that offers improvement. Benefits attributable from the adoption of such practices involve improved handing of problems that is associated with the wireless technology, internet and portable devices. Moreover, this would also help in better managing the security among sub-contractors, business providers and other service providers. Regardless of cultural regulations of organization, such practice provides a common language for information security (Baskerville et al. 2014). Information security policy is the policy outlining the guidelines of organization for directing the behaviors relating to their information security. It is a detailed statement of what the organization must do to comply with the rules governing policies. The security requirement of E serve global has not been assessed adequately by the management resulting from the lack of understanding of the issue concerning information security (Harun and Hashim 2017). From the analysis of the information security management of E serve global, it was ascertained that that existing culture of organization have been ignoring the policies of securing the information assets and least focused on managing the information security. It might be due to the lack of knowledge on art of employees and unawareness of refreshing policies. There are risks related to the information process resulting from lack of updating and reviewing on part of management of organization. Therefore, it is required on part of organization to have significant changes that will be assisted by reviewing and amendment of existing policies. It is required by organization to uniformly enforce the emended policies concerning information security (Safa et al. 201). Types of ethics and laws those are vital for information security management of organization: Environmental protection laws: E serve intends to provide technologically advanced telecommunication solutions to the world and is regarded as the sustainable global company. Anti-corruption laws: Any act of corruption or bribery is not tolerated by the organization and organization intends to decisively terminate every such activities. Concerning the data protection, there is a privacy team for legal guide. Information security policy of E serves global enterprise: Information security management is the process by which E serve global secure and protects the information resources that maintain and process the information that is crucial for their operations. Risks to the information system is managed, measures and controlled by the organization by ensuring the availability, integrity, accountability and confidentially for system actions. The objective of the management of information security of E serve global is to protect the information sources from damage and unauthorized access. Organization will be able to achieve data integrity, data confidentiality and availability of information resource by way of securing the information resources (Layton 2016). The business objectives of organization are supported by E serve information resources that involve facilities, hardware, software, infrastructure and many other resources. The reality represented by organization is correctly reflected by the data used by organization in their information system. The shared information confidentiality needs to be ensured by the information technology resources and applicable users of E serve. Information security policy is appliance to all the users of information assets such as employees, agencies, third party service providers or any contractors along with the clients of business. The information resources that are involved in the policy are stand-alone or network that is shared or individual (Crossler et al. 2013). Furthermore, it also relates to personal digital assistants, wireless devices, and workstations, networking devices, software and peripherals. Some of the supporting policies concerning information resources are guidelines for risk assessments and risk mitigations, policy for controlling documents and records, policy seeking responsibility for management, network security policy, operating system access control and policy for managing the facilities concerning information processing. Each employees of e serve global does not disclose any information to third parties or to any other people who are not entitled to receive. Employees of organization are committed not to use any privileged information for their own purpose or in connection with any other purpose. A non-disclosure agreement was established by the organization with its sub-contractor and partners. Each person who are involved with e serve global are requited to sign individual deed of confidence. All the regulations and applicable laws that are applicable in the country complies with the organization. It is applicable in the where the organizations are involved in doing business and between the international laws within the country. Such laws are include without any shortcomings: Environmental regulations Universally declaring human rights International labor organization The interest of each party is respected by the organization and contract terms is fairly negotiated and transparent. Furthermore, these entire contracts also adhere to the principles that are equivalent in the code of ethics. Governance and strategic planning for security: Achieving the strategic goals of security helps organization in bringing optimum level of investments and risk posture that is acceptable at the lowest costs. Management and board of organization should have the understanding of criticality of information security. Investment made by organization in information security should be reviewed for making it align with risk profile and strategy of organization. The information security program of organization should have production of reports on regular basis from the management. The management and boards should endorse implementation and development of comprehensive information security programs. Information security governance in organization would lead to the generation of several outcomes. The governance concerning to information security and its criticality and complexity requires the concerns to be elevated to the highest level of organization (Tuna et al. 2017). E serve global to secure their operations of business to clients requir es having an effective governance strategy concerning information security. Information security is regarded as the challenge posed to the governance of organization and the emerging threats associated with it needs to be assessed by the involvement of executives of organization. Improved security of information is of utmost important to organizations with dramatic rise in information crimes such as cyber-attacks and phishing. There needs to be a balance between the applied technology and sound management concerning information security. Organization is also exposed to losing some of their critical information relating to operations, financials and accounting along with the loss of equipments, facilities and people. This has made the governance relating to information security critical facets of the total governance of organization. Governance and strategic planning for security: The environment in which the organization operates is ever changing and employment of governance operating model will help in addressing need and enhancing the ability of management to implement the governance policy. Model would assist the management and boards in fulfilling their own business objectives. This will assist them in organization the structure of governance and the implementation of mechanisms. There can be faulty structure of governance due to the lack of proper governance model and existence of gaps in the governance mechanisms. It is required by organization to overcome the inadequacies pertaining to the governance and strategic planning of organization. Need of governance operating model is due to huge number of related procedures and complexities in governance (Cassidy 2016). Governance operating model of organization will be able to address the following facts: The model helps in proved the management and boards with the information they requires to affect the governance concerning the financial and operational risks management and the process of reporting. It will enable the organization to conduct their activities by complying with the regulations and thereby serving the strategic ends. It helps in the creation of feedback loop leading to sustainable governance by enabling the management to respond and identify the operational, new business, regulatory and competitive needs. Adoption of such model will also help in bridging the gap between operational realities and governance framework. This is done by bringing the governance framework of organization to the level of responsibilities, roles, reporting lines and communications. The governance-operating model may solve the common problem of management by memo of the organization because articulating the issues and policies concerning governance by management is quite simple. Such governance framework would enable the organization to assess and execute their governance programs. The operating model involves the governance infrastructure and this involves gathering of the information to the stakeholders and management. Employment of such model will help in translating the polices and framework of governance into job responsibilities, policies, procedures and practices within the infrastructure of corporate governance. Operating model that should be employed by organization have major components such as oversight responsibilities, talent and culture, structure and infrastructure. Various benefits are attributable from the incorporation of corporate governance operating model (Ahmad et al. 2014). Organization has improved clarity, improved coordination, greater visibility and increased effectiveness within the organization. Governance in the information security planning comes with controlling in few areas such as value delivery, alignment, management of resource, management of risks and management of performance. A larger view is taken by organization concerning information and has an enlightened approach and there must be adequate protection of such information irrespective of how the information is processed, handled, transported and stored by E serve global. It is essential for organization to address the security of information at the total enterprise level. Governance challenge is involved in managing the information security and this comprise of reporting, sufficient risk management and accountability (Peppard and Ward 2016). The executive management and board of governance of organization calls for organization to review the return and scale of current and future investments in the information resources for their optimization. There should be creation of new opportunities whilst reduction of costs associated with the potential change in technologies that has the potential of dramatically changing the practices of business (Nunan et al. 2014). Some of the associated implication that should be considered by E Serve global are as follows: Increasing reliability of organization on the system and informations and communication that help in delivering the information. Reviewing the value of enterprise and the impact on reputation arising from the failures of information security. Concerning the importance of security, if there is failure on part of management of organization to set it at the top. One of the intrinsic parts of the governance efforts of enterprise is the information security and this is regarded as an attempt that should be taken by the board along with aligning the information security governance focus. Governance in the information security is a transparent and integral part of whole governance structure and that should be aligned with the governance framework of information technology. In order to govern other critical resources of organization, it is required by the management and board to make information security a fundamental part of the framework of governance. Safeguarding of information is done by several components involved in the governance that involve organizational structure, processes and leadership. Some of the outcomes associated with inclusion of information security as part of the governance structure is supporting organizational objectives by strategically aligning the business strategy with information security. The management of risks ass ociated with the information to bring it to an acceptable level is execution of appropriate measures for managing and mitigating the risks. It would lead to utilization of knowledge concerning information security and effective and efficient management of resources relating to information. Optimizing the investments in information security by value delivery that is in support of objectives of organization. Organization would be able to ensure the achievement of business objectives by the performance measures governance metrics such as reporting, monitoring and measuring of the information. The adverse impact of bringing the information to an acceptable level of risks concerning information security (Merkow and Breithaupt 2014). Corporate governance framework of information security (Source: Peltier 2013) Information assets are protected against the risks of operational discontinuity, unauthorized disclosures, misuse and risk of loss with the help of information security. It might happen that E serve global would face legal liability due to loss of information or their inaccuracy and management and governance of information security would help against the rising of this increasing potential. Governance concerning information security requires the commitment of senior management, promoting the security good practices, a culture that is security aware and compliance with the policy. Significant benefits are generated the organization arising from the governance of information security. Organization practicing information security governance can have increased share value of an organization. Risks related to information security at an acceptable level would be lowered by reduced uncertainty and increased predictability (Pearlson et al. 2016). Recommendations: The main factor of the productivity growth and competitiveness of organization is technology. For the management of information security, it is required by organization such as E serve global is to adopt the decision tool is the security metrics. It would help the organization to achieve the objectives of improving and monitoring the security level. Moreover, it will also help in contribution towards the improvement in the existing system of information security practices by their integration in the business processes. The creation of security metrics is the concern of organization that is done by collection and development of data and information (Gandhi et al. 2017). It can be achieved by measuring the security policy realization and carrying out the assessment of delivered security services. The implementation of security metric program concerning the efficient information security management is that it should be aligned to the organizational objectives, it should be associated with costs and measurable and focusing and emphasizing organizations current issues. The information assets of E serve global can be managed in better way by the application of standards concerning the code practices for information security management concerning the issues and giving recommendations for the same. It is essential for organization to be responsible for importance of managing the information assets that would be possible from the application of standards (Flores et al. 2014). Considering all the dimensions of information security, the standards of information security would deal by recommending the facts. Conclusion: From the above discussion and critical analysis of E serve Global enterprise, it can be said that the first and foremost function of the policies mentioned is that they are meant to prevent any situation that may arise due to leaking of any information assets and thereby properly managing the information security. It must be realized by the management of organization that planning decisions and information security funding involves many more things rather than just the employment of technical managers. There needs to be three separate group of decisions makers that is information technology managers, information security professionals and non-technical business managers. For the organization to be competent, it is required that there should be sufficient knowledge of security to the people involved in the organization. From the analysis of the information security management of E serve global, it is ascertained that there is lack of understanding on part of management relating to sec urity issues. There has also been increasing number of unintentional and intentional acts due to lack of management interests and this has resulted in costly and significant disruption to the information system of organization. References: Ab Rahman, N.H. and Choo, K.K.R., 2015. A survey of information security incident handling in the cloud. Computers Security, 49, pp.45-69. Ahmad, A., Maynard, S.B. and Park, S., 2014. Information security strategies: towards an organizational multi-strategy perspective. Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing, 25(2), pp.357-370. Baskerville, R., Spagnoletti, P. and Kim, J., 2014. Incident-centered information security: Managing a strategic balance between prevention and response. Information Management, 51(1), pp.138-151. Cassidy, A., 2016. A practical guide to information systems strategic planning. CRC press. Crossler, R.E., Johnston, A.C., Lowry, P.B., Hu, Q., Warkentin, M. and Baskerville, R., 2013. Future directions for behavioral information security research. computers security, 32, pp.90-101. Flores, W.R., Antonsen, E. and Ekstedt, M., 2014. Information security knowledge sharing in organizations: Investigating the effect of behavioral information security governance and national culture. Computers Security, 43, pp.90-110. Galliers, R.D. and Leidner, D.E. eds., 2014. Strategic information management: challenges and strategies in managing information systems. Routledge. Gandhi, A., Ruldeviyani, Y. and Sucahyo, Y.G., 2017, July. Strategic information systems planning for bureaucratic reform. In Research and Innovation in Information Systems (ICRIIS), 2017 International Conference on (pp. 1-6). IEEE. Harun, H. and Hashim, M.K., 2017. STRATEGIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS PLANNING: A REVIEW OF ITS CONCEPT, DEFINITIONS AND STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT. planning, 3(2). Hosseinian-Far, A. and Chang, V., 2015. Sustainability of strategic information systems in emergent vs. prescriptive strategic management. International Journal of Organizational and Collective Intelligence, 5(4). Jamroga, W. and Tabatabaei, M., 2016, September. Information Security as Strategic (In) effectivity. In International Workshop on Security and Trust Management (pp. 154-169). Springer International Publishing. Layton, T.P., 2016. Information Security: Design, implementation, measurement, and compliance. CRC Press. Merkow, M.S. and Breithaupt, J., 2014. Information security: Principles and practices. Pearson Education. Nunan, A.E., de Moraes Costa Filho, M.J. and Lima, A.A., 2016. Information security as strategic factor in the information management in public administration. REVISTA DO SERVICO PUBLICO, 67(1), pp.109-129. Pearlson, K.E., Saunders, C.S. and Galletta, D.F., 2016. Managing and Using Information Systems, Binder Ready Version: A Strategic Approach. John Wiley Sons. Peltier, T.R., 2013. Information security fundamentals. CRC Press. Peltier, T.R., 2016. Information Security Policies, Procedures, and Standards: guidelines for effective information security management. CRC Press. Peppard, J. and Ward, J., 2016. The strategic management of information systems: Building a digital strategy. John Wiley Sons. Safa, N.S., Sookhak, M., Von Solms, R., Furnell, S., Ghani, N.A. and Herawan, T., 2015. Information security conscious care behaviour formation in organizations. Computers Security, 53, pp.65-78. Safa, N.S., Von Solms, R. and Furnell, S., 2016. Information security policy compliance model in organizations. computers security, 56, pp.70-82. Tuna, G., Kogias, D.G., Gungor, V.C., Gezer, C., Ta?k?n, E. and Ayday, E., 2017. A survey on information security threats and solutions for Machine to Machine (M2M) communications. Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing, 109, pp.142-154. us, A. (2017).About us. [online] eServGlobal. Available at: https://www.eservglobal.com/about-us/ [Accessed 18 Aug. 2017]. Vacca, J.R. ed., 2013. Managing information security. Elsevier. Von Solms, R. and Van Niekerk, J., 2013. From information security to cyber security. computers security, 38, pp.97-102. Whitman, M. and Mattord, H., 2013. Management of information security. Nelson Education

The Candymakers Essay Example

The Candymakers Paper The Canebrakes Isabella Cooley 4th hour 3/23/12 In the novel The Canebrakes by Wendy Mass, Logan, Miles, Daisy, and Philip are competing to make the worlds best candy. Logan is the son of the man who owns the candy factory Life is Sweet. When the annual competition comes to see which twelve year old can make the best candy, Logan enters along with 31 other kids but only three others practice at Life is Sweet. Daisy, Miles, and Philip all come eager to make candy, but each is hiding a secret. Which one will become the supreme cankered? The thematic statement I hose was It is better to try something and fail than to never have tried at all. My evidence is that Logan made a delicious candy, but it didnt do what he wanted. He didnt win, but he knew that his dad was proud of him because he tried, and he was proud of himself. In the story, Miles has a burden. He doesnt know how to express what hes going through. One day at the lake, he saw a bee follow this girl into the water. No one else saw her, just Miles. He tried explaining it to people, but they never really believed him. He always felt like that girl was watching him, ling him what to do. We will write a custom essay sample on The Candymakers specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Candymakers specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Candymakers specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Daisy tells a story one night about how she practiced with her parents at the lake to see how long she could swim under water. Miles is relieved that she is okay, but mad that she never told anyone. On page 352, Miles says, l was on the boat. The one Daisy swam under. Only I didnt see her. All this time thought the girl-I mean Daisy-had drowned and hadnt been able to save her. That statement helped me understand how he felt and how he thought she was dead. When Daisy tells Miles about the boat, he is shocked, but he was wondering why she did it. So, of course she tells him why. She tells him that SSH?s a spy trying to get a secret ingredient for her client. But there is more. Shes thirteen, not twelve. So that means she cannot compete in the competition due to the fact you have to be twelve. Miles is shocked and doesnt know what to do until she says her clients name. Miles tells Philip, and Philip says that is his father. On page 346, it says, Philip reddened and plopped down on a sleeping bag. That would be my father. This shows me that Philip is embarrassed of his dad and basically assumed that would happen. After that, he calls his dad to confront him. His father confesses and makes him a deal saying if he can win the contest, he wont steal the secret ingredient. All the kids have a tough decision: to give up their dream of winning or forget about Philip and win. What would you choose? All the canebrakes decide to help Philip, although they decide Logan should still enter because its his dream. They help Philip and head to the competition. They have another competitor who has an awesome treat, but something is off about it. On page 426, it says, A. J.! Its caffeine! Alex Grubber put caffeine in the I-scream! That definitely helped me understand how the other team had cheated. After all is said and done, they award first place to Philip from Life is Sweet, and the candy shop is saved. Overall, I really liked this book and all it had to offer for me. It had a lot of mystery in it, which I liked. I would recommend this book to people, but warn them that the point of view changes from person to person. I know that some people dont like that in books. But, overall, its a really great book with a great moral.

Binomials in English - Definition and Examples

Binomials in English s Definition In language studies, a pair of words (for example, loud and clear) conventionally linked by a conjunction (usually and) or a preposition. Also called a binomial pair. When the word order is fixed, the binomial is said to be irreversible. (See Examples and Observations below.) A similar construction involving three nouns or adjectives (bell, book, and candle; calm, cool, and collected) is called a trinomial. Also, see: ChunkCollocationDoubletsIdiomReduplicative Etymology From the Latin, two names Examples and Observations Examples of binomials in English include aches and pains, all or nothing, back and forth, beck and call, bigger and better, bit by bit, black and blue, black and white, blood and guts, bread and butter, bubble and squeak, cease and desist, checks and balances, cloak and dagger, cops and robbers, corned beef and cabbage, cut and dried, dead or alive, death and destruction, dollar for dollar, dos and donts, fair and square, fast and loose, fire and brimstone, fish and chips, flesh and bones, goods and services, ham and eggs, hand to mouth, hands and knees, heads or tails, hearts and flowers, hem and haw, high and dry, high and low, high and mighty, huff and puff, hugs and kisses, kiss and make up, knife and fork, leaps and bounds, life and death, little by little, long and short, lost and found, loud and clear, make or break, milk and honey, needle and thread, nickel and dime, nip and tuck, now or never, null and void, nuts and bolts, old and gray, one to one, open and shut, part and p arcel, peace and quiet, pins and needles, pots and pans, rags to riches, rise and fall, rise and shine, rough and ready, safe and sound, saints and sinners, short but sweet, show and tell, side by side, slip and slide, soap and water, song and dance, sooner or later, spic and span, sticks and stones, strange but true, sugar and spice, thick and thin, time after time, tit for tat, tooth and nail, toss and turn, ups and downs, wash and wear, and win or lose. Reversible and Irreversible Binomials In the typical newspaper headline Cold and snow grip the nation it is proper to set off the segment cold and snow as a binomial, if one agrees so to label the sequence of two words pertaining to the same form-class, placed on an identical level of syntactic hierarchy, and ordinarily connected by some kind of lexical link. There is nothing unchangeable or formulaic about this particular binomial: Speakers are at liberty to invert the succession of its members (snow and cold . . .) and may with impunity replace either snow or cold by some semantically related word (say, wind or ice). However, in a binomial such as odds and ends the situation is different: The succession of its constituents has hardened to such an extent that an inversion of the two kernels*ends and oddswould be barely understandable to listeners caught by surprise. Odds and ends, then, represents the special case of an irreversible binomial.(Yakov Malkiel, Studies in Irreversible Binomials. Essays on Linguistic Themes. University of California Press, 1968) Synonymous and Echoic Binomials The third most frequent binomial in the DoD [Department of Defense] corpus is friends and allies, with 67 instances. Unlike the majority of binomials, it is reversible: allies and friends also occurs, with 47 occurrences.Both allies and friends refer to countries which accord with US policies; as such, the two coordinates of the binomial may incline us to categorize the binomial as synonymous (Gustafsson, 1975). Rhetorically speaking, friends and allies may have an intensifying function, similar to echoic binomials (where WORD1 is identical to WORD2), such as more and more and stronger and stronger.(Andrea Mayr, Language and Power: An Introduction to Institutional Discourse. Continuum, 2008)

Foreign Policy Conflict Between Hamiltonians and Jeffersonians in Term Paper

Foreign Policy Conflict Between Hamiltonians and Jeffersonians in 1790's - Term Paper Example In this environment, the two positions were antithetical and their opposition extended into the darkest corner of every issue, foreign policy included. Thomas Jefferson, the most well known proponent of Anti-Federalism, along with Alexander Hamilton, the most well known proponent of Federalism, often made their views clear in letters written to friends and associates. From these first-hand accounts, historians can piece together the political divides that fragmented early American politics, placing them in context and measuring the relevance of what they had to say to today’s heated discussions. Indeed, any study of 1790s American politics will reveal a deeply polarized discourse. In fact, one historian has remarked that today’s polarized politics is â€Å"mild by historical standards† (Rawls 89). Indeed, from its inception, American democracy saw the rise of fundamentally opposed political parties, in particular the Federalists and Anti-Federals. Just from the n ames ascribed to these political groups, one can tell that their beliefs were opposites on many levels. Deeply opposed convictions spurred vicious trading of barbs between politicians and newspapers, which we highly critical of their opponents (Daniel 6). However, as historians today note, the strength and productivity of American democracy â€Å"also comes from the parties† (Rawls 95). ... Anti-Federalists strongly opposed to the Constitution, believing that it gave too much power to a central governmental institution—a federal government. The president, whom they branded as a â€Å"military king,† they believed, would become a tyrant who would rule over â€Å"the lives, the liberties, and property of every citizen of America† with â€Å"uncontrolled power† (Marshall 251). This fear was based primarily on the ideal that liberties should not be swallowed up to build a more powerful, glorious nation. In arguing for a stronger federal government, the Federalists relied on two powerful arguments in favor of the Constitution: first, that Congress had no leverage against the empires of France, Britain, and Spain because it could not regulate foreign commerce, and second, that restrictions on Congress interfered with its basic duty to provide for a national defense (Marshall 234). Both of these arguments are germane to a nation’s foreign aff airs, which places the topic of foreign affairs central to the debates between Federalists and Anti-Federalists raging in the 1790s. The most visible face of Federalism in the United States during this period was Alexander Hamilton, who took part in organizing a forceful defense of the Constitution in The Federalist Papers, a collection of 85 essays designed to convince the people of New York to ratify the new Constitution. After the Federalist movement, which was intended primarily to see the Constitution ratified (which it was in 1789), the Federalist Party emerged—guided by the policies of Hamilton in the early 1790s (Berkin 208). John Adams, the second President of the United States and only President elected from the Federalist platform, took office in 1789. The election of Adams and the rising

Managing and Leading Quality Services Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Managing and Leading Quality Services - Essay Example The policy that selected to audit is ‘Promoting Positive Behaviour’. My workplace caters for children with Additional Support Needs (ASN) and these children often display a range of extremely inappropriate behaviours such as spitting, hitting, kicking and throwing. Both in terms of individuals and as part of such an establishment, we have a duty of care and a responsibility to ensure the safety of the children as well as the staff members. With this in requirement mind it is clear to me that it would be appropriate to audit our current policy of ‘Promoting Positive Behaviour’. This is a generic policy published by the local authority and it does not take into account the varying needs of children whom my organization serves. There are some issues arising from the absence of a clear policy or guidelines on how to promote positive behaviour imbedded into the practice of my establishment. The Rationale, Justification and Purposes: Rationale: Proper discipline i s a mandatory prerequisite for facilitating good learning. No matter the nature or extent of indiscipline, it is an obstacle to both teaching as well as learning. At the organisation, I think that every child has a right to access the best education which can be offered in partnership among school, community and the parents. The organisation’s Positive Behavior Policy forms part of â€Å"Safeguarding Policy Portfolio† (Promoting Positive Behavior n.d.) and exhibits our commitment to safeguarding the welfare of all students. Thus, our organization needs to focus on reliable, strong and fair management of learner behavior to establish a safe, congenial and purposeful atmosphere in which every child may develop his or her complete potential. Providing such a high quality learning atmosphere is a significant precondition for learners to attain the maximum possible levels of achievement. â€Å"Parents, teachers, and students work together to create an environment that is s afe and supportive and that promotes learning. It encourages children to think and learn actively and to be hopeful, trusting, loving and healthy† (Positive Behavior Policies and Procedures 2010, p. 2). Every child will also be asked to conform to the principles and rules of the school and parents will be kept educated so that they can support and encourage the use of system. The policy for promoting positive behavior is mainly based on encouragement through recognition of the positive aspects in children. This, in turn, will inspire them to mould their behavior appropriately. Also, when other children observe such encouragement, it will motivate them to imitate such behavior. The policies of the organization must reflect the policies and guidelines of the present local authority and government. At the same time, as procedures symbolize an accomplishment of policy and must evolve over time as new apparatus emerge, new processes will be planned, and the risks connected with an area modified in response to changes in the external or internal environment. Justification: There have been numerous initiatives and investigations in the UK over the last several years with regard to promoting and encouraging positive approaches to behavior and actions. Schools report that their chief concern relates to low level interruption although there are some schools and students that experience severe problems. â€Å"The school needs to be confident that its policies and practices in relation to behavior are positive and

Social Media Versus Traditional Media

Social Media Versus Traditional Media What are the benefits of Social Media over Traditional Media? As both traditional and social media are emerging out for the leadership role in commanding and attracting consumer attention, but its worthwhile to limelight on some of the undeniable benefits of social media over traditional media1. Cost:-Social media Field is open to all with almost no barriers to entry to new entrants to create or distribute Social media context. Only time and production costs are the sunk cost involved in social media. With this investment the context rebound with glance in web unlike TV, radio and newspapers. Intimacy:-Social Media can broadcast information to thousands or millions of people at once with superior quality of dialogues and specificity which traditional media lags. Proximity:-Most importantly to say time and distance has virtually disappeared which acted as barriers between customers and the globe. Social Media has brought the globe together by connecting community like never before. Targeting:-Social media has specific advantage over isolating and focusing on brands or products depending on the customers interest by regularly monitoring and sourcing information. Nimbleness: Social media has a unique advantage as it allows brands to adapt to consumers buying and sharing habits almost instantly as it keeps informed about the area of interest of the customers. Measurement:-Social media can measure brand messaging almost instantly with the customers response to brands and each other across networks, platforms and apps.Whereas traditional media rely on long term measurement tools. Exponential:-As difficult it is for a brand to create its base same is for Social media but after it strikes the exponential growth for social media is limitless and repeatable at lower cost. Participatory:- As barriers to entry is almost equal to zero it encourages customers to participate in commercial dialogues.Dream of brands and consumers in dialogue has finally come true through Social media ,thanks to real-time communication tools. Newness:-Social media is well aware of the new preoccupations of customers but still it has the ability to constantly evolve to meet the customers demand. Social media retains with new shines with reflecting light of new re-engaging consumer attention. Future:-Social media has already focused on brand advertisements following on customers eye ball, it will shortly follow customers adoption of mobile community which will bring a new dynamic for social media. Future is bright and vast for Social Media. 1http://simonmainwaring.com/blog/uncategorized/top-ten-advantages-of-social-over-traditional-media/ Is social media disruptive to traditional media? Social Media applications are basically built on Web 2.0 technology. Social Media today has not emerged completely. Observation of the rise of social media reveals that the number of users of Social Media is increasing. The rate of increase of users is also on the rise. The users of social media now, belong to the early majority group. Since the evolution of social Media began recently and the users belong to early majority group, Social Media has a long way to go. Within this short time and less number of users, Social Media has started taking the share away from Traditional Media. Many firms, today think Social Media as the best Marketing Platform considering the advantages of Social Media over traditional Media. Consider the example of Pepsi, which preferred traditional Media over Social Media. Pepsi thinks, it can attract more customers using Social media rather than traditional Media and started investing $20million in Social media campaigning. Dell is the perfect example of success of return on Investment from Social Media. It has gained $6.5 million sales revenues only from twitter in a very short time. It is expecting its revenues to grow substantially from Social media in future. With the success of Dell many firms are embracing Social Media for Marketing. Coca Cola has started a new department for Social Media Marketing, formulated Social Media Strategy and Social Media Policy. Since, Social Media is a networked industry, i.e., the value for a user increases with increase in number of users and as the value for a user is increasing more users are embracing the Social Media. The number of users is also increasing with the increase in complementary products. For example, in Facebook, number of complimentary products is increasing with increase in number of users and vice versa causing Snow ball effect As the value of Social Media is increasing, users of traditional media are moving towards Social media. Even, the number of Social Media sites is increasing, however, different sites serving different users. The evolution of Social Media is not complete. Hence, once the Social Media is evolved completely, traditional media can become obsolete. What is Social Media Marketing and how does it benefit the producers? Social Media Marketing is the use of various social networking sites for the promotion of some product, service, company or organization. Commonly used social media marketing sites are YouTube, Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn and Wikipedia etc. The marketing done using these resources is said to be Social Media Marketing and it is usually beneficial for the producers in following ways Traditional and social media are struggling between each other to attract the consumer attention even though there are some advantages of social media. Bellow there are some points to strengthen our views2. 1. Cost: The cost factor is quite small for the social media. On the other way the cost entry barrier for creating and distributing the Social media is quite small. There are some short of initial investment in terms of developing the social media and time is also needed but if we discard this two small investment it is almost free. It doesnt bear any additional expense like TV, print media and Radio and move into the wave indefinitely to serve the targeted customers. 2. Intimacy: If we look at the potential pitfall of the traditional media we will see that traditional media normally need to broadcast to its large customer base (may be millions of customers) at a time which robs in terms of the specificity and the dialogue of traditional media. But in case of a social media this draw back could be overcome. 3. Targeting: While targeting a specific segment of the market or the specific segment of the customer the social media is much more specific or in the other way it could be easily distinguished in this respect. In the social media space that particular customer base share their ideas and thoughts about different products of their interest and distribute them among each other. 4. Nimbleness: Social media is much more agile in terms of the external environment change as compare to the traditional media. It takes very less time to respond to the external environment change and impacts the consumer buying and sourcing behavior instantly. But on the other hand traditional media takes a bit more time to take change as compare to the external environment. 5. Measurement: In case of the traditional media the measurement style of the effectiveness of the brand messaging is quite time consuming and lengthy process. But in the other hand in case of a social media it is instantaneous. In the social media space the customer reacts to the brands, the platforms and the applications instantaneously. In any case if that response becomes negative the social media have some chances to react to that negative response. 6. Newness: Traditional media is hardly unique in terms of the consumer per-occupation with whatever is new. Even though the huge demand of the consumer who seeks change social media keeps its pace by engaging the sheen in new so that it can attract the consumer attention from time to time. But in case of a traditional media the distribution mode hardly changes even though the content may change. 7. Exponential: even though it is very hard for any product or brand to thread the market social media has huge potential for the exponential growth in exchange of a low cost. 9. Proximity: In the social media space there is virtually no time and distance barrier exist between the consumers. It is more like creating a global and connected community by the customers. These characteristics of the social media open enormous opportunity for the social media for success and failure closely depending on the how well it measures its market dynamics. 10. Future: Now a days most of the time the consumer looks at the online advertising but in near future it will be in the huge mobile community. The advertising dollar will follow in the huge mobile community. It shows a new future for the social media space. 2http://simonmainwaring.com/blog/uncategorized/top-ten-advantages-of-social-over-traditional-media/

Google Is Changing Everything

Google Is Changing Everything 1. Use Google to conduct a search. What advertisements appear next to the search results? Answer: Advertisements related to the search keyword. 2. What is Google trying to do with spreadsheets? Answer: Google try to provide spreadsheets to compete Microsoft products as well as to be able to provide online spreadsheets where people could share and collaborate instantly to the spreadsheets and store the file online instead in local computer 3. What is an enterprise search? Answer: Enterprise search is the practice of making content from multiple enterprise-type sources, such as databases and intranets, to be indexed, searched and displayed to authorized users 4. Identify potential revenue models in Google’s activities described here and on Google’s Web site. Answer: Google potential revenue model is through advertisement. Therefore we can said that Google Revenue = Time Spend On Web. The more time people spent on the web means more exposure to Google ads. For the advertisement, the advertisers pays Google for every person clicks on the ad which lead to the advertiser’s website. . How do Google’s services benefit a company such as Kaiser? Answer: From the case study, we can see that Kaiser developed clinical knowledge portal for their 50,000 doctors, nurses and other caregiver, which main purpose is to allow right information be able to be accessed quickly and easily. Therefore with the combination of knowledge which stored in the po rtal and the advancement of Google Search Appliance, Google able to provide them with reliable indexing and also strong search capability. Furthermore by using Google’s spell checking, problem with doctor handwriting and pharmaceutical products name can be easily overcome. 6. Why is Google considered a Web 2. 0 company? How is it related to social networking? Answer: According to Wikipedia, Web 2. 0 is associated with web applications that facilitate participatory information sharing, interoperability and collaboration on the World Wide Web. Based on the characteristic of web 2. 0, Google can be considered as Web 2. Company because it can be accessed from anywhere, have strong data which supporting their company, periodically updated, and have good user interface. Google can be considered to web 2. 0 company not only related to their social networking product, but also to their other product such as Gmail, Google Maps, etc. Through Orkut, which already being replaced with Google Plus, which is Google social networking product. From Google Plus user will be able to interact with others and create network with othe rs 7. Enter google. om and identify all wireless activities. Answer: Google try to move all the desktop application to web based application. In the google. com site, the wireless activities that can be found are search maps, Google Plus, Google Mail, You Tube, Google Groups, Google Document, etc. 8. Google derives most of its income from advertisement. Yet, it provides many other services for free. Speculate on the reasons. Answer: It is believed that anything that related to digital networks quickly feels the effect of falling cost. According to basic economic theory, in a competitive market, price falls to marginal cost. And this also applies to Internet, however in this sector every day marginal cost of digital information comes closet to nothing. And in my opinion why Google provides their service free is in order to build their reputation. I believed that once people already gained trusted, feel comfortable and feel that this service provide lots of benefit, they will not be oppose if they need to pay for this service eventually. For example in Google web advertisement, it all started with their good reputation in searching keyword based on their PageRank technology, which lead to attention, which mean increase in traffic, and as a return, money come to Google through advertisement. 9. Identify Google’s activities related to e-commerce. Answer: Related to e-commerce, Google facilitates advertising through Google AdSense. In addition to that, Google also facilitate online selling and buying by introducing Google Product Search.

Corruption: Essay and Students

GEORGIA | 45 Youth Against Corruption: An National Essay Contest (Georgia) Summary The project Youth Versus Corruption consisted of a series of discussions culminating in a school essay contest for 14-15 year olds. Students were encouraged to develop and express their attitudes towards corruption and lawfulness, whilst raising their awareness on the issue through discussions with guest speakers and by writing creative essays. This empowering project captivated the interest of students by providing an opportunity for their opinions to be heard at national level, and by inviting famous people to attend discussions at schools.The project was carried out by Transparency International Georgia between September 2003 and February 2004 in 19 schools in six regions of Georgia1. TI-Georgia worked closely with the Georgian Ministry of Education’s Culture of Lawfulness Project. 2 Background â€Å"During this period of injustice in the country ordinary citizens were hurt most. They longed for money to buy bread, and this is the reason why people started mass protests against the government. The government was unable to use force against its people.High officials had committed so many crimes that they could no longer redeem themselves. Each one of them was involved in corruption and everyone was aware of this fact. After the change of government all the corrupt people became very scared, some of them fled the country, others were arrested†¦ â€Å" Zaza Datukshvili (15) Recent research leaves little doubt that the difficult economic and political situation in Georgia can be attributed largely to high levels of corruption. The attitude of citizens to corruption has also been problematic.Although the negative impact of corruption on a larger scale is widely accepted, its effect on everyday life often remains obscured. Where it is recognised, people are generally pessimistic about the prospects of fighting corruption successfully. Consequently, there is an urgent n eed for awareness-raising campaigns that draw attention to the everyday effects of corruption and the effective means to curb 1 2 The regions included Tbilisi, Senaki, Telavi, Tianeti, Batumi, Gori Funded by the Open Society Georgia Foundation, OSGF, and the US Department of Justice 46 | GEORGIAThe project in numbers 19 schools and 589 students took part in this project; 758 questions were asked on the issues of corruption and legality at the meetings with guest-speakers; 411 essays were written during the contest. corruption. This increased awareness is vital for Georgia’s success and the mobilisation of young people is especially crucial in this regard. A course entitled ‘Culture of Legality’, focusing on law and corruption issues, was introduced and piloted in 19 schools by the Ministry of Education in 2002. It was financed by the American National Strategic Information Center.The ministry dubbed the project a success and integrated the course into the curricu lum of grade 9 (14-15 year olds) for the following academic year (20032004). The course became obligatory for all 147 Tbilisi (Georgia’s capital city) schools as well as in those regional schools where the course was piloted. The ministry intends to bring this course to all Georgian schools over the next two years. The project In conjunction with this new course, TI-Georgia carried out a youth awareness-raising campaign, which included a series of discussions, culminating in an essay contest.The project sought to sensitise young people to issues of corruption and legitimacy and to lend greater impact to the anti-corruption programmes already carried out in schools. The essay component in particular gave students the opportunity to express their ideas and to use knowledge gained from the discussions. The contest also sent a signal that society was interested in youth voices. After a selection process, the nine best essays were published in Georgia’s premiere newspaper, 24 Hours, and posted on TI-Georgia’s website.In introducing this campaign to Georgian schools, TI-Georgia worked closely with the Culture of Legality Programme, the Ministry of Education, the Georgian Institute of Public Affairs, and the Anti-Corruption Council of Georgia. TI-Georgia, along with these organisations, offered special prizes for winners, using funds provided by the Soros Foundation. Additionally, prominent panellists in the discussion sessions distributed their books to the students for free. The project also coincided with the pre-revolutionary demonstrations in Georgia, which influenced its implementation. The project commenced in Septem- GEORGIA | 47Carola Huebner-Kruzinna (13), Nicaragua ber and October, just preceding the November 2003 elections followed by the Rose Revolution of 23rd November. People were very preoccupied with the upcoming elections, and, as a result, students and teachers were often absent from school. Planning and organisation The campai gn, Youth Versus Corruption, took place over 6 months. The first month focused on preparation and logistics, during which a project booklet was published with a complete description of the project. The project working group held a meeting with the participant schools’ teachers and Ministry of Education representatives.The working group consisted of a TI coordinator, a professional linguist, a representative of Ministry of Education, a poet, a writer, a lawyer and a journalist. At the first meeting the group discussed the following topics: which issues and questions would best engage the students; the best guest speakers for 14-15 year olds; and how to structure the discussions and essay contest to the age and knowledge level of the students. 48 | GEORGIA Four working meetings were held over two months to establish the form of the contest and a mechanism for evaluating essays.A list of potential guest speakers was established, the format for their discussions was developed, to pics were selected for the essay contest, and project follow-up measures were determined. Students were asked to select the guests they wanted to meet. Their selections included many media representatives. With its extensive network of connections TI-Georgia was able to arrange for these prominent personalities to come speak to the students. Teachers who had taught the Culture of Legality course were contracted as local coordinators for each school.They assisted in organising project events and participated in the preliminary grading of essays. Information booklets and posters were distributed to schools where the discussion sessions were arranged. The following topics for the essay contest were selected: Is injustice the source of corruption, or is corruption the source of injustice? Describe a corrupt person (appearance, life-style) and how they differ from other people; Imagine that you work in an organisation that condones corruption. What would you do? Discussion forums Discuss ion forums were held as a preparatory stage for the essay contest.For each discussion forum, one guest speaker was assigned to each school. In some cases this would be a poet, in other cases, a journalist or famous lawyer. The atmosphere at the events was charged with excitement. The students, especially those from the regions, were thrilled at the chance to meet well-known Georgians they knew from print or television. The parents of the students were also very eager to cooperate and gave useful feedback. The dialogue centred on the students’ personal experiences with corruption, and what they had done to solve or work within the situation.The discussion forums were structured to be interactive. At the beginning of the session, guests would speak about themselves, offer a topic for discussion or invite students to ask questions. TI-Georgia recorded all questions, and used these results to devise essay topics that would be of real interest for the students. Students in the reg ions were more active during the discussions than their counterparts in the big cities and later also took a more independent position in their essays. The urban youth was less optimistic but better informed. In particular, students from schools in the capital were not as active in discus-GEORGIA | 49 sions and were often quite cynical in response to the issues raised. In the more isolated regions, these discussion sessions with famous guest speakers became important events. Although conceptualised as a preparatory stage in the essay contest, it became apparent that the discussion forums were no less important than the contest itself. Student essays were solicited from those schools that participated in the forums. The forums took place during the first few months of the project and the essay contest in the last few months. In sum, there were 19 meetings at 19 separate schools.Each meeting featured one guest speaker and 30-35 students, meaning that, overall, around 600 students part icipated. Essay contest As Georgian school curriculum does not offer specific courses on essay writing, TI-Georgia coordinated a workshop on writing instruction in all participant schools prior to the contest event. The contest then took place on 15th and 16th December 2003. The students were given the three topics outlined above to choose from and two hours to write their essays. They were encouraged to use various written styles to express their opinions on corruption. The evaluation of the essays was conducted in two stages.In order to ensure impartiality, the essays were first evaluated by teachers from other participat- 50 | GEORGIA ing schools. The top ten per cent of essays were selected during this initial evaluation and sent to an independent jury established by TI-Georgia. The jury was composed of a writer, an education official, lawyers, a linguist, and a TI representative. The essays were evaluated on a ten-point system based on four criteria: analytical skill, creativit y, personal expression and command of the Georgian language. Of the over 500 submissions, three winners and eight runners-up were announced.The winning essays, as previously mentioned, were published in the newspaper 24 Hours and on the TI-Georgia website. An awards ceremony was held on 24th December 2003 at the Open Society Foundation Georgia conference hall. TI-Georgia awarded the winners special certificates and prizes. All teachers, jury members, nominated students, partner organisation representatives, guest speakers and donors were invited to the event. Results â€Å"How would corruption be created if there was no injustice? In a just state everything and everyone must serve justice, but does not corruption create injustice?I believe that it is no news for anyone that the truth in Georgia does not have a very big value. Many people ignore the truth and act in an illegal and unjust way. † Tamar Mebonia (15) An evaluation questionnaire was designed to identify changes in students’ views on corruption before and after the programme, and they were disseminated after the contest. The questionnaires also solicited student opinions on which features the programme might add or change, and the students generated a list of potential guest speakers for the next implementation of the project.Empowering students The most important achievements of the campaign were the large number of participants involved and the apparent change in students’ attitudes. Youths that participated in the project learned that their opinions and ideas were valuable and relevant to society. In particular, the interviews revealed that students do have strong views on corruption, but feel that no one is interested in their opinions on the subject. The project was valuable to them as it gave them the opportunity to express their views, which were taken seriously.Furthermore, teachers realised the benefits of discussing the subject of corruption with their students, and of adding such a discussion to the curriculum. GEORGIA | 51 Challenges â€Å"First of all, civil education must become part of the school curriculum, so that the new generation has a different ideology, so that she does not look at injustice as if it were none of her business and so that she takes action in the fight against injustice. She can do this by not offering bribes to the teacher; this will go a long way towards eradicating corruption and injustice. Tamuna Papavadze (15) Although the project was an overall success, TI-Georgia encountered a number of difficulties along its way. For example, the Ministry of Education attempted to control the process and wanted to interfere with the selection of guest speakers and discussion topics. TI-Georgia dealt successfully with this problem by seeking support from other NGOs and putting pressure on the ministry as a collective force. The ministry asked TI not to bring revolutionary activists into schools as guest speakers, at one point goi ng so far as to ask that the project be called off.In addition, they requested that they be informed of the essay topics before staging the contest. Fortunately, TI-Georgia did not make any concessions in these cases, as it had the support of most school officials. The change in administration after the revolution allowed it to continue the second phase of our project without interference. Winning the interest of young people for this project was a central challenge. To this end, TI-Georgia used a few key incentives, including contests and awards, the chance to have an essay published and reach the greater public, and the opportunity to meet major Georgian celebrities.Competitions are not typical in Georgian schools, and the prospect of a contest with awards and public exposure was exciting and motivating for the students. The most difficult and time-consuming part of the project was negotiating with guest speakers and organising their visits. As mentioned before, the project coinci ded with Georgia’s Rose Revolution. This caused a great deal of scheduling difficulty, as most of the planned speakers were active participants in the revolution. In the end, though, TI Georgia successfully held 19 discussions with students in six Georgian regions.Recommendations Most of the participants said that the contest was interesting for them as a way of sharing their opinions, but some still doubted that their ideas would be taken seriously by adults. Therefore, it would be good to expand the distribution of the winning essays, not just to newspapers and websites, but to television stations, radio and other schools. The essays could also be publicly 52 | GEORGIA presented to high-level officials who would then respond directly to the students.There are plans for follow-up projects, specifically to expand the programme to other schools and to first-year university students. Project description by: Lana Ghvinjilia For additional information, please contact: Transparenc y International Georgia at [email  protected] ge The best essays can be read on the website of Transparency International Georgia in English and Georgian language. Address: Transparency International Georgia 18, Rustaveli Ave 0108, Tbilisi Georgia Tel: +995-32-996 615 Fax: +995-32-997 292 Email: [email  protected] ge Website: www. transparency. ge